Description
ASTM A213 T2 T5 T9 T11 T12 Alloy Seamless Pipe
Introduction
ASTM A213 is a specification that covers seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy-steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes. This standard is crucial for applications that require high-temperature service and resistance to corrosion. The grades T2, T5, T9, T11, and T12 are commonly used in various industries, including power generation and petrochemical.
Material
The materials used in the production of ASTM A213 alloy seamless pipe are designed to withstand high temperatures and pressures. These materials are typically alloy steels that contain elements such as chromium and molybdenum, which enhance their mechanical properties and resistance to oxidation.
Specification
ASTM A213 specifies the requirements for seamless alloy-steel tubes for high-temperature service. The specification includes various grades, each with unique chemical compositions and mechanical properties.
Key Features
- High-Temperature Resistance: Suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
- Corrosion Resistance: Enhanced resistance to oxidation and corrosion.
- Seamless Construction: Provides uniformity and strength.
- Versatile Applications: Used in power plants, chemical processing, and oil refineries.
Chemical Composition
Grade | Carbon (C) | Manganese (Mn) | Phosphorus (P) | Sulfur (S) | Chromium (Cr) | Molybdenum (Mo) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 0.10 max | 0.30 – 0.60 | 0.025 max | 0.025 max | 0.50 – 1.00 | – |
T5 | 0.05 max | 0.30 – 0.60 | 0.025 max | 0.025 max | 5.00 – 6.00 | 0.50 – 1.00 |
T9 | 0.05 max | 0.30 – 0.60 | 0.025 max | 0.025 max | 8.00 – 9.50 | 0.90 – 1.20 |
T11 | 0.05 max | 0.30 – 0.60 | 0.025 max | 0.025 max | 1.00 – 1.50 | 0.40 – 0.60 |
T12 | 0.05 max | 0.30 – 0.60 | 0.025 max | 0.025 max | 2.25 – 2.75 | 0.10 – 0.20 |
Mechanical Properties
Grade | Yield Strength (ksi) | Tensile Strength (ksi) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 30 | 60 – 80 | 30 | 150 |
T5 | 40 | 70 – 90 | 20 | 160 |
T9 | 40 | 70 – 90 | 20 | 170 |
T11 | 30 | 60 – 80 | 30 | 160 |
T12 | 30 | 60 – 80 | 30 | 160 |
Steel Grade
The steel grades T2, T5, T9, T11, and T12 are categorized based on their chemical composition and mechanical properties, making them suitable for specific applications in high-temperature environments.
Application
ASTM A213 alloy seamless pipe are widely used in:
- Power Generation: Boiler tubes and superheaters.
- Chemical Processing: Heat exchangers and reactors.
- Oil and Gas: Pipelines and pressure vessels.
- Aerospace: Components requiring high strength and heat resistance.
Possible Alternative Grades
While ASTM A213 T2, T5, T9, T11, and T12 are widely used, alternative grades may include:
- ASTM A335: Similar specifications for seamless alloy steel pipes.
- ASTM A192: For high-pressure service.
- ASTM A106: For seamless carbon steel pipes.