Description
ASTM A178 Grade A, Grade C, Grade D ERW Carbon Steel Pipe for Superheater
Material Specification
ERW Carbon Steel Pipe is a standard specification for electric-resistance-welded (ERW) carbon steel and carbon-manganese steel boiler and superheater tubes. These pipes are specifically designed for high-temperature service and are commonly used in the construction of boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers. The specification covers three grades: Grade A, Grade C, and Grade D, each with distinct chemical and mechanical properties.
Key Features
- High-Temperature Resistance: Designed to withstand high temperatures, making them ideal for superheater applications.
- Durability: Offers excellent durability and longevity under high-stress conditions.
- Versatility: Suitable for a variety of applications in the power generation and petrochemical industries.
- Cost-Effective: ERW pipes are generally more economical compared to seamless pipes.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of ASTM A178 ERW Carbon Steel Pipe varies by grade. Below is a table summarizing the typical chemical composition for each grade:
| Element | Grade A (%) | Grade C (%) | Grade D (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.06-0.18 | 0.35 max | 0.27 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.27-0.63 | 0.80 max | 1.00 max |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.035 max | 0.035 max | 0.030 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.035 max | 0.035 max | 0.030 max |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of ASTM A178 ERW Carbon Steel Pipe are crucial for their performance in high-temperature environments. The table below outlines the mechanical properties for each grade:
| Property | Grade A | Grade C | Grade D |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 325 min | 415 min | 485 min |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 180 min | 240 min | 275 min |
| Elongation (%) | 35 min | 30 min | 30 min |
Steel Grade
ASTM A178 ERW Carbon Steel Pipe are available in three grades:
- Grade A: Suitable for moderate temperature and pressure applications.
- Grade C: Offers higher strength and is suitable for higher temperature applications.
- Grade D: Provides the highest strength among the three grades, ideal for the most demanding applications.
Application
ASTM A178 ERW Carbon Steel Pipe are widely used in:
- Boilers: Essential for the construction of boiler tubes.
- Superheaters: Ideal for high-temperature superheater tubes.
- Heat Exchangers: Used in heat exchangers for efficient thermal energy transfer.
- Power Plants: Commonly used in power generation facilities.
Possible Alternative Grades
While ASTM A178 is a popular choice, there are alternative grades that might be considered depending on specific requirements:
- ASTM A192: Seamless carbon steel boiler tubes for high-pressure service.
- ASTM A210: Seamless medium-carbon steel boiler and superheater tubes.
- ASTM A213: Seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes.
In conclusion, ASTM A178 Grade A, Grade C, and Grade D ERW carbon steel pipes are essential components in high-temperature applications, offering a balance of strength, durability, and cost-effectiveness. Their specific chemical and mechanical properties make them suitable for a wide range of industrial applications, particularly in the power generation and petrochemical sectors.
